Do you need probate?

Check the estate and the right UK route

These steps cover England and Wales. Scotland uses a process called confirmation. Northern Ireland has its own probate service.

An estate means the person’s money, property and belongings. Each bank or other organisation sets its own rules about releasing assets. There is no single small-estate limit that answers every case.

Probate may not be needed for some savings or assets that pass to a surviving joint owner. The type of ownership matters. Do not assume every jointly owned home passes in the same way.

Check who can apply

If there is a will, the named executor usually applies for a grant of probate. If there is no will, an eligible person may apply for letters of administration. Both are forms of legal authority.

Eligibility is not simply a matter of who volunteers first. Use the official probate guide, especially if there is no will or an executor cannot act.

Prepare before applying

1. Find the original will and any later changes.
2. Check who will deal with the estate.
3. List assets and debts and estimate the estate’s value.
4. Check what must be reported for Inheritance Tax and whether tax is due.
5. Follow the official application steps and provide the documents requested.

Tax may need to be paid before a grant is issued. Do not distribute the estate before checking its debts, tax and other obligations.

Check the application fee

On 29 October 2026, GOV.UK lists a £526 application fee for an estate worth more than £5,000. There is no application fee for an estate worth £5,000 or less. Extra copies cost more, and help with the fee may be available.

This fee threshold does not decide whether probate is needed. Check the current official fees before applying.

When to get help

Consider a solicitor if the will is disputed, assets are abroad, a trust is involved, or debts may exceed assets. Ask what work their quote covers. A clear division of tasks can help you decide what support you need.